Clinical and ultrasonic remission of rheumatoid arthritis after being treated uith tocilizumab for three months / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To observe the changes of relevant clinical indicators and ultrasound pre-sentations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients after being treated with tocilizumab for 3 months and explore the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in the treatment of RA.Methods:Clinical data, laboratory and ultrasound examinations and medications of RA patients who met inclusion criteria in our hospital from Jan-uary 2017 to September 2020 were included and their data were analyzed retrospectively, and the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab and the ultrasound assessment of disease remission were analyzed. Paired sample t test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability test were used for comparative analysis. Results:① Compared with baseline data, morning stiffness duration of patients treated with tocilizumab for 3 months [60(30, 120) min vs 0(0, 10) min, Z=-6.19, P<0.001], disease activity score of 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) [(4.6±1.5) vs (3.2±1.2), t=6.83, P<0.001], disease activity score of 28 joints-C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) [(4.2±1.4) vs (2.8±1.1), t=7.14, P<0.001], swollen joint count (SJC) [2(1, 7) vs 0(0, 2), Z=-4.31, P<0.001], tender joints count (TJC) [6(2, 13.5) vs 2(0,4), Z=-5.16, P<0.001], gray scale score (GS) [4.5(2, 6) vs 1(0, 3), Z=-5.86, P<0.001], intra-synovial blood flow energy Doppler (PD) [2(1, 3) vs 0(0, 0), Z=-5.38, P<0.001], white blood cell (WBC) [6.6(4.9, 8.4)×10 9/L vs 5.7(4.9, 7.3)×10 9/L, Z=-2.83, P=0.005], hemoglobin (Hb) [119(104, 131) g/L vs 123(113, 136) g/L, Z=-2.82, P=0.007], ESR [32(14.5, 50) mm/1 h vs 19 (10, 30) mm/1 h, Z=-3.31, P=0.001], CRP [11.40(3.02, 25.80) mg/L vs 3.49(1.30, 11.82) mg/L, Z=-2.78, P=0.004], D-dimer (D-D) [0.93(0.47, 2.07) mg/L vs 0.43(0.21, 0.80) mg/L, Z=-3.77, P<0.001] were significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant. ② The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2 [2.08(1.43, 2.76) pg/ml vs 1.21(0.54, 2.08) pg/ml, Z=-2.67, P=0.008], IL-6 [22.40(5.13, 67.27) pg/ml vs 14.63(5.27, 27.71) pg/ml, Z=-2.81, P=0.005], IL-10 [(2.53±0.68) pg/ml vs (1.74±0.74) pg/ml, t=2.60, P=0.017] were significantly changed, while serum levels of IL-4 [1.63(1.08, 3.38) pg/ml vs 1.33(0.97, 2.59) pg/ml, Z=-0.89, P=0.374], tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α [4.04(1.41, 10.45) pg/ml vs 1.62(0.84, 3.79) pg/ml, Z=-1.92, P=0.056], IL-17 [4.68(1.67, 6.72) pg/ml vs 3.15(1.81, 5.29) pg/ml, Z=-0.53, P=0.594] were not significantly changed from baseline data. ③ There was poor consistency between ultrasonic response and DAS28-ESR response, simplified disease activity Index (SDAI) response and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) response ( Kappa coefficient: 0.142, 0.142, 0.191), but no consistency between ultrasonic response and DAS28-CRP response (Kappa coefficient: -0.015) were found. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that ultrasound was not statistically significantly different in assessing the remission of RA, indicating subclinical synovitis remained in ultrasound examination even though clinically remission could be reached based on the above scoring indexes in RA patients. ④ In terms of adverse reactions, neutrophils (NEU) of patients after 3 months' tocilizumab treatment [4.47(2.77, 5.39)×10 9/L vs 3.76(2.98, 4.74)×10 9/L, Z=-2.77, P=0.006], platelet count (PLT) [(291±84)×10 9/L vs (254±70)×10 9/L, t=4.76, P<0.001] were significantly decreased, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) [(1.22±0.27) mmol/L vs (1.39±0.34) mmol/L, t=3.12, P=0.003], low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) [(1.96±0.66) mmol/L vs (2.19±0.84) mmol/L, t=3.15, P=0.003], triglyceride (TG) [0.85(0.68, 1.08) mmol/L vs 0.93(0.71, 1.25) mmol/L, Z=-2.36, P=0.018] and total cholesterol (TC) [(4.18±1.04) mmol/L vs (4.52±1.16) mmol/L, t=3.33, P=0.002] were significantly different from baseline. Among 65 patients, 5 patients (7.7%) had transaminase abnormality, but returned to normal after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion:Tocilizumab treatment can effectively suppress the inflammatory reactions, improve the clinical symptoms and prognosis of patients, however, patients who judged as clinical remission according to the current clinical commonly scores may still have subclinical active disease, ultrasound results should be included as one criteria for disease remission assessment and take into consideration when adjusting treatrnent.

Lifestyle Interventions for Non-Obese Patients Both with, and at Risk, of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease occurring in non-obese subjects (the so-called non-obese NAFLD) is a highly prevalent but neglected liver condition, which is closely associated with metabolic disorders and suboptimal lifestyles. Landmark studies have shown that lifestyle interventions are potentially beneficial in decreasing the risk of developing non-obese NAFLD and in ameliorating NAFLD in non-obese individuals with pre-existing NAFLD. Lifestyle interventions usually refer to changes in eating habits and physical activity, both of which have a powerful effect on non-obese NAFLD and on risk factors for non-obese NAFLD. However, to date, patients and health-care professionals have a poor awareness and understanding of non-obese NAFLD and the beneficial effects of lifestyle interventions in this patient population. The aim of this narrative review is to briefly discuss the evidence for the effects of lifestyle changes and what changes are needed amongst medical personnel and other stakeholders in order to raise awareness of non-obese NAFLD.

Prediction of Q-markers of Astragali Radix based on network pharmacology and fingerprint / 中国中药杂志

Astragali Radix is one of the most commonly used medicinal materials. In recent years, its cultivated varieties and a variety of adulterants have flooded the market, which makes its quality uneven, and the development of quality control methods has become a research hotspot. Therefore, figuring out the quality markers of Astragali Radix is of great significance for its comprehensive evaluation. In this study, the fingerprints of 15 batches of Astragali Radix were established by HPLC, and the main components causing intergroup differences were screened out by PLS-DA. On the basis of literature review and network pharmacology analysis, the targets and pathways of active ingredients were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction, PubChem Compound and other databases, and then the "component-target-pathway" network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.7.1 for the prediction of potential quality markers. Twenty-eight common peaks were identified in the established fingerprint, and three differential components were selected as potential quality markers for Astragali Radix, which were astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and ononin. The proposed method based on HPLC fingerprint of Astragali Radix is convenient and feasible, facilitating the improvement in its quality control.

Comparative study of Astragali Radix Praeparata cum Melle and Hedysari Radix Praeparata cum Melle on spleen Qi deficiency rats / 中国中药杂志

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Clinical Efficacy of Tiandan Tongluo Capsule Against Cerebral Infarction in Convalescence Corresponding to Stoke Due to Wind-Phlegm-Static Blood Obstructing Vessels / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Tiandan Tongluo capsule in the treatment of cerebral infarction （CI） in convalescence （stoke involving meridians and collaterals due to wind-phlegm-static blood obstructing vessels）， with Naoshuantong capsule as a control. Method:A total of 352 convalescent patients with CI differentiated into stoke involving meridians and collaterals due to wind-phlegm-static blood obstructing vessels in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） were included in this multi-center， randomized， double-blind， single-simulated， Naoshuantong capsule-controlled clinical trial， which lasted from 28 December， 2016 to 12 April， 2019. After being randomized into an experimental group and a control group at a ratio of 3∶1， patients in the experimental group were provided with oral Tiandan Tongluo capsule， five capsules per time， three times per day， whereas those in the control group received both Naoshuantong capsule simulator， two capsules per time， three times per day， and Naoshuantong capsule， three capsules per time， three times per day， for 12 successive weeks. The patients were followed up until 180 days after onset. The Barthel activities of daily living （ADL） index （BI） score was used as the primary outcome， and the secondary outcomes included neurological deficit score ［assessed with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS）］， modified Rankin scale （mRS）， TCM syndrome score， and proportion of patients with new vascular events. The changes in laboratory indexes and the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment were observed. Result:Among the 389 cases enrolled， 30 dropped out， with the drop-out rate being 7.71%. There were 374 cases included in the full analysis set and 377 in the safety set. The comparison with the control group revealed that the total BI score and the percentage of BI score ≥ 75 in the experimental group were increased， but the difference was not statistically significant. The percentage of mRS score ≤ 2 within 180 days after onset in the experimental group obviously elevated in contrast to that of the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. As demonstrated by TCM syndrome score analysis， the markedly effective rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. During the trial， the incidence rates of new vascular events in the experimental group and the control group were 0.00% and 1.09% （one case）， respectively， exhibiting no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion:Tiandan Tongluo capsule and Naoshuantong capsule both produce definite therapeutic effects in the treatment of CI in convalescence （stoke involving meridians and collaterals due to wind-phlegm-static blood obstructing vessels）. Compared with Naoshuantong capsule， Tiandan Tongluo capsule better alleviates neurological deficit， promotes neural functional recovery， and improves TCM syndrome score， without inducing severe adverse reactions.

Esculetin protects against early sepsis via attenuating inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT1/STAT3 signaling / 中国天然药物

Esculetin, a natural derivative from the traditional and widely-used Chinese medicinal herb Cortex Fraxini, has a variety of pharmacological effects, especially in anti-inflammation. However, it is not clear whether esculetin has a therapeutic effect on sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of esculetin on early sepsis. The results showed that the lung injury was significantly relieved with the treatment of esculetin, accompanied with the restrained production of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2 and iNOS during the early phase of E.coli-induced sepsis. Of note, activation of NF-κB and STAT1/STAT3 signals, the main upstream signals of many inflammatory factors, were attenuated by esculetin in both lung tissues from septic mice and LPS-stimulated macrophage. These findings suggested that the protection of esculetin against early sepsis should be related to its anti-inflammatory effect, which was at least partly due to its inhibition on NF-κB and STAT1/STAT3 signaling pathway in macrophage. Thus, esculetin could serve as a potential therapeutic agent by rebalancing innate immune response in macrophage for the treatment of early sepsis.

The clinical significance of serum autoantibodies and HLA-B27 molecule testing in Uygur patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection / 中华内科杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical value of serum autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27) molecular testing in Uygur patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.@*Method@#A total of 727 HIV-infected Uygur patients who visited Kuche infectious diseases hospital during May 2016 to March 2017 were include in this study. The other 390 healthy people were enrolled as controls. Serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody, anti-extractable nuclear antigen (ENAs) antibody and HLA-B27 molecule were tested.@*Result@#Among 727 HIV-infected Uygur patients, 317 were males and 410 were females with mean age (35.52±13.44) years old. The mean duration of disease was (6.34±3.05) years. There were 697 (95.87%) patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with mean duration of treatment (5.52±3.47) years. The mean CD4+T cell count was (520±271) cells/μl in 202 HIV-infected patients, and mean virus load was (108 139±20 498) copies/ml in 20 HIV-infected patients. Rheumatic manifestations were recorded in 238 (32.74%) HIV-infected Uygur patients, mainly with dry mouth and dry eye (15.41%) , alopecia (9.90%) , arthralgia (8.94%) , ect. Compared with the health controls, positive ANA was more common in HIV infected Uygur patients (33.43% vs. 17.43%, P<0.001) with low titers (ANA titer:1∶100) . HIV-infected Uygur patients had higher positive anti-u1-RNP antibodies positive rate (1.10%), but lower anti-SSA antibodies positive rate (0.14%) and anti-CCP antibodies positive rate (0.28%). Patients with positive ANA in HAART group were significantly less than that in non-treatment group (32.71% vs. 50.00%, P=0.049). There were no correlations between ANA and duration of HAART, CD4+T cell counts and virus load (r values 0.061, 0.047, 0.121, respectively. P>0.05). Only one female patient was HLA-B27 positive (0.14%), which was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (3.08%) (P<0.001). Also, only one patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).@*Conclusion@#Autoimmune manifestations are common in HIV-infected Uygur patients. Several autoantibodies are positive, but the coincidence of rheumatic diseases is rare. It′s noted that patients with autoimmune manifestations should be considered as a differential diagnosis of HIV infection.

Research progress on circular RNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

Circular RNA, a non-coding RNA that forms a covalently closed continuous loop, exists widely in eukaryotic cells. The biogenesis and biological function of this type of RNA indicate that it can play a crucial role in diseases such as tumors, neural system diseases, and cardiovascular diseases; moreover, this RNA may have great potential use as a biomarker in these diseases. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy in oral surgery that is difficult to cure, metastasizes easily, and has poor prognosis. In this review, we summarize the loop-forming mechanisms and functions of circular RNA and describe the progress of current research in the development of oral cancer.

Efficacy of Loulu Shengma Tang Combined with Azithromycin in Treating Children with Mycoplasma Pneumonia with Obstruction of Lung by Pathogenic Heat and Its Effect on Treg and Foxp3 mRNA / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Loulu Shengma Tang combined with azithromycin in the treatment of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia（MPP） with obstruction of lung by pathogenic heat， and its effect on inflammatory factors， treg and Foxp3 mRNA. Method:Totally 274 children with MPP were divided into observation group （137 cases） and control group （137 cases）. Observation group was treated with Loulu Shengma Tang combined with azithromycin dry suspension， while control group was treated with azithromycin dry suspension alone. The changes of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndrome score of pathogenic-heat obstruction in the lung， serum inflammatory cytokines ［interleukin-6 （IL-6），interleukin-10 （IL-10），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），C-reactive protein （CRP）］， CD4+CD25+Treg， CD4+Foxp3+Treg and Foxp3 mRNA expressions were observed after treatment. The clinical efficacy and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Result:The total effective rate of observation group was 94.16%（129/137） after treatment， which was significantly higher than 77.37% （106/137）of observation group （P<0.05）. The disappearance times of cough， lung rale， fever and lung shadow in observation group were shorter than that in control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， TCM syndrome score of pathogenic-heat obstruction in lung was significantly higher than those in control group （P<0.05）， serum IL-6， IL-10， TNF-α and CRP levels in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while CD4+CD25+Treg， CD4+Foxp3+Treg and Foxp3 mRNA expressions were significantly higher than those in control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was 7/137 （5.11%）， which was significantly lower than 16/137 （11.68%） in control group. Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of Loulu Shengma Tang combined with azithromycin dry suspension in the treatment of pediatric MPP and its effect on serum inflammatory factors （IL-6， IL-10， TNF-α， CRP）， regulatory T cells and Foxp3 mRNA expressions were better than those of azithromycin dry suspension alone. The incidence of adverse reactions of Loulu Shengma Tang was lower than that of azithromycin dry suspension alone.

Investigation of Molecular Mechanism of Yangxue Antai Fang in Improving Prethrombolic State of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion Based on Integrated Pharmacology Techniques / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To predict the potential molecular mechanism of Yangxue Antai Fang in treating prethrombolic state of recurrent spontaneous abortion （RSA-PTS）. Method:The chemical constituents and drug targets of Yangxue Antai Fang were collected by Integrated Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCMIP V2.0）. RSA-PTS disease target information was collected by TCMIP V2.0 and improved by Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM） database. The interaction of these targets was analyzed and key target network was constructed. Gene ontology （GO） function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis were further performed. Finally， Cytoscape 3.5.1 was used to build up a multidimensional network of TCM-ingredient-target-pathway. The levels of absorption， distribution， metabolism， excretion and toxicity （ADMET） of the main components in the network were analyzed. Result:A total of 310 chemical constituents and 975 targets were collected from 8 TCMs in Yangxue Antai Fang. A total of 143 targets of RSA-PTS were obtained. A total of 243 core targets were obtained by the interrelationship analysis of drug and disease targets. The analysis of the top 100 core targets showed that these targets might participate in treating RSA-PTS by affecting biological processes related to thrombosis， such as blood coagulation， platelet activation， positive regulation of angiogenesis and so on. Pathway analysis showed that these targets were mainly concentrated in complement and coagulation cascades， platelet activation， estrogen signaling pathway， thyroid hormone signaling pathway， etc. Multidimensional network analysis in combination with ADMET level showed that 14 components （leonurine， paeonol， vanillin， and so on） may play a therapeutic role in RSA-PTS by affecting coagulation factors Ⅱ （F2）， plasminogen （PLG） and estrogen receptor 1 （ESR1） proteins involved in complement and coagulation cascades， platelet activation， thyroid hormone signaling pathway and others. Conclusion:The main chemical constituents in Yangxue Antai Fang may improve RSA-PTS by regulating complement and coagulation cascades， blood coagulation， platelet activation and other biological processes.

Stuck guidewire in the right atrium: an emergent situation in central vein catheter placement / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To investigate the emergency treatment and clinical effect when the guidewire stuck in the right atrium during central vein catheter placement for hemodialysis.Methods:Five cases with guidewire stuck in the right atrium during central vein catheter placement for hemodialysis from January 2011 to July 2018 admitted into the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed. In two cases, the guidewires were found completely stuck when the insert depth was about 20 cm. The guidewires were not able to move forward nor backward. In the other three cases, the guidewires could be moved forward but not backward with the insert depth at about 18 cm. All patients received emergent computed tomography angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) imaging. Images showed that the guidewires were stuck in the right atrium near the ventricular valve. The guidewire core drawing method, the multipurpose angiography(MPA) catheter capturing method and the manual guidewire adjusting method were used for emergent treatment.Results:One patient with completely stuck guidewire was successfully treated with guidewire core drawing method and the temporary central vein catheter catheterization through the internal jugular vein was performed under DSA. In a completely stuck case and a retrogradely stuck case, the J-shaped ends of the warped guidewires were captured into the MPA catheter, and the guidewires were then withdrawn from right atriums along with the contrast catheter. In the other 2 retrogradely stuck cases, under DSA, the guidewires were repeatedly pushed, the direction of J-shaped ends was manually adjusted, and then the guidewires were repeatedly pushed and pulled until catheters can be pulled out of the right atriums. The later 4 cases had permanent central vein catheter placement with the same guidewire after the stuck guidewires were withdrawn from the right atrium and readjusted.Conclusions:All three methods can successfully solve the emergent situation of the stuck guidewire in the right atrium. For patients with completely stuck guidewires, the MPA catheter capturing method can be simpler, safer, and more effective.

The clinical significance of serum autoantibodies and HLA-B 27 molecule testing in Uygur patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection / 中华内科杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of serum autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B 27) molecular testing in Uygur patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Method:A total of 727 HIV-infected Uygur patients who visited Kuche infectious diseases hospital during May 2016 to March 2017 were include in this study. The other 390 healthy people were enrolled as controls. Serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody, anti-extractable nuclear antigen (ENAs) antibody and HLA-B 27 molecule were tested. Result:Among 727 HIV-infected Uygur patients, 317 were males and 410 were females with mean age (35.52±13.44) years old. The mean duration of disease was (6.34±3.05) years. There were 697 (95.87%) patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with mean duration of treatment (5.52±3.47) years. The mean CD4 +T cell count was (520±271) cells/μl in 202 HIV-infected patients, and mean virus load was (108 139±20 498) copies/ml in 20 HIV-infected patients. Rheumatic manifestations were recorded in 238 (32.74%) HIV-infected Uygur patients, mainly with dry mouth and dry eye (15.41%) , alopecia (9.90%) , arthralgia (8.94%) , ect. Compared with the health controls, positive ANA was more common in HIV infected Uygur patients (33.43% vs. 17.43%, P<0.001) with low titers (ANA titer:1∶100) . HIV-infected Uygur patients had higher positive anti-u1-RNP antibodies positive rate (1.10%), but lower anti-SSA antibodies positive rate (0.14%) and anti-CCP antibodies positive rate (0.28%). Patients with positive ANA in HAART group were significantly less than that in non-treatment group (32.71% vs. 50.00%, P=0.049). There were no correlations between ANA and duration of HAART, CD4 +T cell counts and virus load ( r values 0.061, 0.047, 0.121, respectively. P>0.05). Only one female patient was HLA-B 27 positive (0.14%), which was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (3.08%) ( P<0.001). Also, only one patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Conclusion:Autoimmune manifestations are common in HIV-infected Uygur patients. Several autoantibodies are positive, but the coincidence of rheumatic diseases is rare. It′s noted that patients with autoimmune manifestations should be considered as a differential diagnosis of HIV infection.

Blood purification therapy for sepsis / 中国实用儿科杂志

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the body's dysfunctional response to infection. There is currently no definitive symptomatic treatment for sepsis inflammatory response in the clinic. Blood purification treatment exerts immunomodulatory effects by non-specifically eliminating endotoxin and/or inflammatory mediators and shows a good prospect of application in sepsis. However,most studies on the treatment of sepsis with blood purification have not shown significant improvement in patients' prognosis. This article reviews the research progress of immunoregulation mechanism of blood purification therapy for sepsis,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different blood purification methods.

The characteristics and functions of CtXTH1: the gene booststhe corolla elongation in safflower / 药学学报

In this study, 13 xyloglucan endotransglycosylases/hydrolases (XTHs) and 8 expansin (EXPs) were screened from safflower floret transcriptome database. Through correlation analysis between the safflower gene expression profile chip and the corolla development, only 4 XTHs (CtXTH1-4) and 1 EXP (CtEXP1) have positive relevance with corolla elongation (r≥0.60) and were therefore validated by qRT-PCR. The full length of these genes were cloned by RACE. According to the bioinformatic analysis, CtXTH1 correlated with the development of the floret, and the expression pattern analysis indicated that CtXTH1 had accumulated in the floret. The recombinant vector (pMT39-CtXTH1) was constructed for gene transformation. Overexpression of CtXTH1 significantly increased the corolla length (about 5.34% to 10.25%) and corolla weight (about 30.00% to 36.02%) in transgenic safflower. The overexpression lines also showed an increasing tendency in the weight of seeds, average number of corollas per cone and average number of seeds in each cone. Meanwhile, overexpression of CtXTH1 had no significant effect on flavonoids. According to the corolla microstructure, the OVX-line tubular part of floret exhibited a looser and irregular character. These data suggested that CtXTH1 can potentially increase relaxation of the tissues and boost corolla elongation. Our study provides a valuable clue for plant breeding in the future.

Characteristics, Prognostic Factors, and Survival of Patients with NK/T-Cell Lymphoma of Non-upper Aerodigestive Tract: A 17-Year Single-Center Experience / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: The extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) of non-upper aerodigestive tract (NUAT) was found to have clinical heterogeneity compared with NKTCL of the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) in small scale studies. We conducted this study in a much larger cohort to analyze the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, treatment modality, and clinical outcomes of patients with NUAT-NKTCL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2001 to December 2017, a total of 757 NKTCL patients were identified and included in this study, including 92 NUAT-NKTCL patients (12.2%) and 665 UAT-NKTCLpatients (87.8%). RESULTS: NUAT-NKTCL patients had relatively poorer performance status, more unfavorable prognostic factors, and more advanced stage, compared with UAT-NKTCL patients. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 34.7% for NUAT-NKTCL, which was significantly worse than UAT-NKTCL (64.2%, p<0.001). The median OS duration was 30.9 months for NUAT-NKTCL. Multivariate analysis showed that presence with B symptoms and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase independently predicted worse OS. International prognostic index score and prognostic index of natural killer lymphoma score still had prognostic values in NUAT-NKTCL, while the Ann Arbor system could not accurately predict the OS. CONCLUSION: NUAT-NKTCL is a distinctive subtype of NKTCL in many aspects. Patients with NUAT-NKTCL have relatively poorer performance status, more unfavorable prognostic factors, more advanced stage, and poorer prognosis.

Application of percutaneous transluminal balloon dilatation in patients with catheter-related central vein disease / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the application of percutaneous transluminal balloon dilatation (PTA) in catheter replacement within patients with catheter-related central vein disease (CVD). Methods Thirteen cases of CVD patients from Jan 2015 to Mar 2018 admitted into the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed. All of them underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to clarify problem origin. Suitable balloons were chosen to dilate the original catheters or the occlusive veins, and then the original catheters were replaced. PTA was used to help catheter replacement and all patients were followed up for 6 months. Results Four of the 13 patients were found stuck when replacing catheters. All of them successfully had catheters removed with PTA (Hong's techniques). All patients had successfully catheter replacement with blood flow volume>250 ml/min. Among 4 patients with edema, 3 patients showed better within 6 months. Only 3 patients needed warfarin to keep blood flow volume>250 ml/min within 6 months. Conclusions PTA shows advantages of lesser trauma, better tolerance and higher success rate in patients with catheter-related CVD. It can also relieve symptoms resulting from occlusive central vein.

Effect of parathyroidectomy on anemia and cardiac function in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To explore the effect of total parathyroidectomy (PTX) with forearm autograft on the anemia and cardiac function in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).Methods The clinical data of 130 uremic patients who received PTX with forearm autograft in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from October 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The changes of anemia and echocardiogram before and after operation were compared.According to the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) before operation,the patients were divided into LVH group and non-LVH group.Echocardiographic indexes before and one year after operation of the two groups were compared.Results (1) Three months and one year after operation,hemoglobin and hematocrit increased while erythropoietin average usage decreased significantly (P＜0.01).(2) Compared with preoperative period,the dry weight was significantly increased one year after operation,and the cardiac function indexes including left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd),interventricular septum end diastolic thickness (IVSd),left ventricular posterior wall end diastolic thickness (LVPWd),interventricular septum systolic thickness (IVSs),left ventricular systolic diameter (LVDs),left ventricular myocardial mass (LVM),and left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).(3) In the non-LVH group,only IVSs decreased one year after operation (P ＜ 0.05).In the LVH group,LVDs,LVDd,LVPWd,LVM,LVMI and IVSs were decreased significantly one year after operation than those in preoperative period (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions PTX with forearm autograft is an effective treatment for uremic patients with SHPT significantly improving anemia and left ventricular structure and function,especially for patients with ventricular hypertrophy in preoperative.

Review of Extraction, Content Determination and Physiological Activity of Alkaloids from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium / 中国中医药信息杂志

The property of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium is warm and the taste is spicy, which can be used as food as well as medicine. Its alkaloids have a wide range of pharmacological activity and have good prospects for development in medicine and food. The resources of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium in China are abundant, and the intensive research on its active ingredients can promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial economy. This article reviewed the research status of extraction, content determination and physiological activity of alkaloids from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, in order to provide references for efficient use of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium.

Demonstration of field prevention and control equipment system / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To establish an infectious disease field prevention and control equipment system to facilitate equipment efficacy evaluation. Methods The equipment system was determined by analyses on the main procedure of infectious disease field prevention and control,researches on the missions and equipment requirements of grades of facilities for disease prevention and control,references to related equipment allocation standards as well as expert consulting.Results The first-grade system consisted of six classes and 136 subclasses of equipment,the second-grade system was made up of six classes and 114 subclasses of equipment and the third-grade system included six classes and 58 subclasses of equipment. Conclusion The three-grade infectious disease field prevention and control equipment system contributes to equipment efficacy evaluation.

Regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis by circadian clock / 药学学报

As a secondary metabolite in plant, anthocyanins plays an important role in many aspects of plant life, and also exhibits various activities including the anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor and cardio-cerebral vascular protective in animals. They are a group of important natural drug candiadtes in the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic diseases. Therefore, exploration of the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory mechanism of anthocyanins is of great interest for improvement of anthocyanin production and development of low-cost production methods. Circadian clock, as a ubiquitous regulatory system in organisms, affects plant physiological and molecular processes, and also regulate the anthocyanin biosynthesis. To provide new ideas on anthocyanin biosynthesis, we provide a review of the recent progress in circadian rhythm clock with regard on regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in this paper.